VENTILATION 

The upper flats are 10m long 3m high. Therefore, the width is less than five times the height so this space allows for cross ventilation. The flats face north west and south east. This allows the flats to make use the SE wind in summer and the NW wind in winter. The large diagram bellow on the left is demonstrating the summer wind. The diagram bellow on the right is demonstrating the winter wind.  

Stack Effect 

The bottom atrium makes use of louvers or windows at the top of the space which allows hot air which rise and escape. The main stairwell also ventilates this space. See design development for more detail. 

Mechanical Ventilation 

The bottom kitchen, toilets and plant room will need to have mechanical ventilation because these rooms are partly underground.  

Wind Driven - Cross Ventilation